Latex Allergies
Latex allergies in the workplace
Latex gloves have proved effective in preventing transmission of many infectious diseases to health care workers. But for some workers, exposures to latex may result in allergic reactions. Reports of such reactions have increased in recent years, especially among health care workers, housekeepers, hairdressers, and workers in industries that manufacture latex products.
The term "latex" refers to natural rubber latex, the product manufactured from a milky fluid derived from the rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis. Several types of synthetic rubber are also referred to as "latex," but these do not release the proteins that cause allergic reactions.
Importantly, skin contact is not the only type of latex exposure. Latex proteins become fastened to the lubricant powder used in some gloves. When workers change gloves, the protein/powder particles become airborne and can also be inhaled.
Symptoms of Latex Allergies
Mild reactions to latex involve skin redness, rash, hives, or itching. More severe reactions may involve respiratory symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, itchy eyes, scratchy throat, and asthma (difficult breathing, coughing spells, and wheezing). Rarely, shock may occur, however, a life-threatening reaction is seldom the first sign of latex allergy.
Latex precautions
Once a worker becomes allergic to latex, special precautions are needed to prevent exposures. Certain medications may reduce the allergy symptoms, but complete latex avoidance, though quite difficult, is the most effective approach.
If symptoms of latex allergy develop, the worker should avoid direct contact with latex gloves and other latex-containing products until he or she can see a physician experienced in treating latex allergy.
Individuals with latex allergy should consult a physician and take the following precautions:
- Avoid contact with latex gloves and products.
- Avoid areas where powder from latex gloves worn by other workers might be inhaled.
- Inform employer and health care providers (physicians, nurses, dentists, etc.) of the latex allergy.
- Wear a medical alert bracelet.
